The central gateway controller plays the key role of the vehicle's communication hub, and provides functions such as vehicle OTA upgrades, vehicle power management, vehicle remote diagnostics and vehicle network management.

The powertrain domain controller is an intelligent powertrain management unit that leverages CAN/FLEXRAY for transmission management, engine management, battery monitoring and alternator regulation. Its advantages include computing and distributing torque for a variety of powertrain units (internal combustion engines, electric motors, generators, batteries and transmissions), reducing CO2 emissions through predictive driving strategies, and acting as a communication gateway. It is mainly used for powertrain optimization and control, while also providing intelligent electrical fault diagnostics, smart power saving and bus communication functions.

The chassis domain is related to vehicle motion and consists of the drivetrain, running gear, steering system and braking system. As vehicles become increasingly intelligent, among the three core systems of intelligent vehicles — perception and recognition, decision and planning, and control and execution — the one closest to the automotive components industry is the control and execution side, namely drive control, steering control and braking control. This requires converting the chassis of conventional vehicles to x-by-wire for autonomous driving. An x-by-wire chassis mainly comprises five systems: steer-by-wire, brake-by-wire, shift-by-wire, throttle-by-wire and suspension-by-wire, among which steer-by-wire and brake-by-wire are the most core products for the autonomous driving execution side.

The central gateway controller plays the key role of the vehicle's communication hub, and provides functions such as vehicle OTA upgrades, vehicle power management, vehicle remote diagnostics and vehicle network management.

The domain control unit (DCU) is a product of the continuous evolution of semiconductor technology and vehicle E/E architecture. With domain controllers, the design of the vehicle E/E architecture can be further optimized: OEMs can use them to improve the scalability of the vehicle topology, vehicle safety, and the confidentiality of vehicle network data. Therefore, domain controllers are becoming increasingly important in modern vehicle E/E architecture. They offer advantages in sensor data fusion/relay management, vehicle dynamics control, building human-like virtual drivers, vehicle-level decision and control, vehicle network communication management, system status monitoring, fault diagnostics and fail-safe protection.