The domain control unit (DCU) is a product of the continuous evolution of semiconductor technology and vehicle E/E architecture. With domain controllers, the design of the vehicle E/E architecture can be further optimized: OEMs can use them to improve the scalability of the vehicle topology, vehicle safety, and the confidentiality of vehicle network data. Therefore, domain controllers are becoming increasingly important in modern vehicle E/E architecture. They offer advantages in sensor data fusion/relay management, vehicle dynamics control, building human-like virtual drivers, vehicle-level decision and control, vehicle network communication management, system status monitoring, fault diagnostics and fail-safe protection.